I-Microalgae yenye yezona ntlobo zindala eMhlabeni, uhlobo lwe-algae encinci enokukhula emanzini acocekileyo nasemanzini olwandle ngesantya esimangalisayo sokuzala. Ingasebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo ukukhanya kunye ne-carbon dioxide kwi-photosynthesis okanye isebenzise imithombo elula ye-carbon organic yokukhula kwe-heterotrophic, kwaye idibanise izondlo ezahlukeneyo ezifana neeproteni, iiswekile, kunye neeoyile ngokusebenzisa imetabolism yeseli.

Ke ngoko, ii-microalgae zithathwa njengeeseli ze-chassis ezifanelekileyo zokufezekisa ukwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo eziluhlaza nezizinzileyo, kwaye zisetyenziswe kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokutya, iimveliso zempilo, amayeza, izinto zokuthambisa, ii-biofuels, kunye ne-bioplastics.

Kutshanje, inkampani yebhayoloji yokwenziwa kwe-microalgae yasekhaya, iProtoga Biotech, ibhengeze ukuba iprotheyini yayo entsha ye-microalgae idlule ngempumelelo kwinqanaba lokuvelisa elilingwayo, enomthamo ophezulu wemveliso weekhilogram ezingama-600 zeprotheyini ngosuku. Imveliso yokuqala esekelwe kwiprotheyini entsha ye-microalgae, ubisi lwezityalo ze-microalgae, nayo iphumelele uvavanyo lokuvavanya kwaye kulindeleke ukuba iqaliswe kwaye ithengiswe ekupheleni kwalo nyaka.

Esebenzisa eli thuba, uShenghui udlan’ udliwanondlebe noGqr. Li Yanqun, injineli eyintloko yophuhliso lwezicelo kwiProtoga Biotechnology. Wazisa uShenghui iinkcukacha zovavanyo oluphumeleleyo lweProtoga Microalgae Protein kunye namathuba ophuhliso kwicandelo leProtein yezityalo. ULi Yanqun unamava angaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 omsebenzi wesayensi nobuchwepheshe kwicandelo lokutya okukhulu, ikakhulu ebandakanyeka kuphando kunye nophuhliso lwezicelo zeProtogen Microalgae Biotechnology kunye neFood Biotechnology. Uphumelele isidanga sePhD kwiFermentation Engineering kwiYunivesithi yaseJiangnan. Ngaphambi kokuba ajoyine iProtoga Biotechnology, wayesebenza njengoprofesa kwiSikolo seSayensi yoKutya kunye neTekhnoloji, kwiYunivesithi yaseGuangdong Ocean.

“Njengoko igama lenkampani lisitsho, i-protoga Biotechnology kufuneka iqale ivelise izinto ezintsha ukususela ekuqaleni kwaye ibe nokukwazi ukukhula ukususela ekuqaleni. I-protoga imele umoya ophambili wenkampani, okukuzibophelela kwethu ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha kumthombo kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji kunye neemveliso ezintsha zokuqala. Imfundo kukukhulisa nokukhulisa, kwaye itekhnoloji kunye neengcinga zokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kumthombo kufuneka ziphuhlise zibe lishishini elitsha, indlela entsha yokusebenzisa, kwanefomathi entsha yezoqoqosho. Sivule indlela entsha yokuvelisa iimveliso ezinexabiso eliphezulu sisebenzisa i-microalgae, eyongezelelo elibalulekileyo kwimveliso kunye nokunikezelwa kwezixhobo zokutya, ngokuhambelana nengcamango ekhoyo ngoku yokutya okukhulu, ngelixa ikwaphucula imiba yokusingqongileyo.” ULi Yanqun uxelele uShenghui.

Le teknoloji ivela kwiYunivesithi yaseTsinghua, igxile ekukhuthazeni iiproteni zezityalo ze-microalgae
I-protoga Biotechnology yinkampani ye-biotechnology eyasekwa ngo-2021, igxile kuphuhliso kunye nokucutshungulwa kwemveliso yetekhnoloji ye-microalgae. Itekhnoloji yayo ifunyenwe kwiminyaka ephantse ibe ngama-30 yokuqokelelana kophando kwilebhu ye-microalgae kwiYunivesithi yaseTsinghua. Ulwazi lukawonke-wonke lubonisa ukuba ukusukela oko yasekwa, le nkampani iqokelele imali engaphezulu kwe-100 yezigidi zeeyuan kwaye yandisa ubungakanani bayo.

Okwangoku, iseke ilebhu yophando lobuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso lwebhayoloji yokwenziwa eShenzhen, isiseko sovavanyo lovavanyo eZhuhai, umzi-mveliso wemveliso eQingdao, kunye neziko lokuthengisa lamazwe ngamazwe eBeijing, eligubungela uphuhliso lwemveliso, uvavanyo lovavanyo, imveliso, kunye neenkqubo zorhwebo.

Ngokukodwa, ilebhu yophando nophuhliso lobuchwepheshe bebhayoloji yokwenziwa eShenzhen igxile kakhulu kuphando olusisiseko kwaye inekhonkco lobuchwephesha elipheleleyo ukusuka kubunjineli beeseli ezisisiseko, ukwakhiwa kwendlela ye-metabolic, iteknoloji yokuvavanya uxinzelelo ukuya kuphuhliso lwemveliso; Inesiseko sovavanyo seemitha zesikwere ezingama-3000 eZhuhai kwaye ibekwe kwimveliso yovavanyo. Uxanduva lwayo oluphambili kukwandisa ukubila kunye nokukhuliswa kwe-algae okanye iintlobo zebhaktheriya eziphuhliswe yilebhu ye-R&D kwisikali sovavanyo, kunye nokucubungula ngakumbi i-biomass eveliswa kukubila ibe ziimveliso; Umzi-mveliso waseQingdao ngumgca wemveliso yemizi-mveliso onoxanduva lokuvelisa iimveliso ezinkulu.

Ngokusekelwe kula maqonga etekhnoloji kunye nezibonelelo zemveliso, sisebenzisa iindlela zoshishino ukukhulisa i-microalgae kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezisekwe kwi-microalgae kunye neemveliso ezininzi, kubandakanya i-microalgae protein, i-levastaxanthin, i-microalgae exosomes, i-DHA algal oil, kunye ne-naked algae polysaccharides. Phakathi kwazo, i-DHA algal oil kunye ne-naked algae polysaccharides ziye zaziswa ukuba zithengiswe, ngelixa i-microalgae protein yimveliso yethu entsha emthonjeni kunye neprojekthi ephambili yokukhuthaza nokwandisa imveliso. Enyanisweni, indawo ephambili yeeproteni ze-microalgal inokubonwa nakwigama lesiNgesi elithi metazoa, elinokuqondwa njengesifinyezo segama elithi "protein of microalga"

Iprotheyini ye-microalgae iphumelele ngempumelelo uvavanyo lovavanyo, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ubisi olusekwe kwizityalo ze-microalgae luqaliswe ekupheleni konyaka.
“Iiprotheyini sisondlo esibalulekileyo esinokuhlulwahlulwa sibe ziiprotheyini zezilwanyana kunye neeprotheyini zezityalo. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho iingxaki zokungabikho ngokwaneleyo kweeprotheyini emhlabeni jikelele. Isizathu soku kukuba ukuveliswa kweeprotheyini kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwizilwanyana, ngokuguquguquka okuphantsi kunye neendleko eziphezulu. Ngotshintsho kwimikhwa yokutya kunye neengcamango zokutya, ukubaluleka kweeprotheyini zezityalo kuya kusanda. Sikholelwa ukuba iiprotheyini zezityalo, ezifana neeprotheyini ezintsha ze-microalgae esiziphuhlisileyo, zinamandla amakhulu okuphucula ukunikezelwa kweeprotheyini,” utshilo uLi Yanqun.

Uqhube wathi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye, iprotheyini yesityalo se-microalgae yenkampani ineengenelo ezininzi ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemveliso, ukufana, ukuzinza, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kunye nexabiso lesondlo. Okokuqala, iprotheyini yethu ye-microalgal ifana kakhulu "neprotheyini yokuvundisa", eyiprotheyini yezityalo eveliswa kusetyenziswa iteknoloji yokuvundisa. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, inkqubo yokuvelisa le protheyini evundisiweyo ikhawuleza, kwaye inkqubo yokuvundisa inokwenzeka unyaka wonke ngaphandle kokuchaphazeleka lixesha lonyaka; Ngokuphathelele ulawulo kunye nokuhambelana, inkqubo yokuvundisa yenziwa kwindawo elawulwayo, enokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuhambelana kwemveliso. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuqikelelwa kunye nokulawulwa kwenkqubo yokuvundisa kuphezulu, okunokunciphisa impembelelo yemozulu kunye nezinye izinto zangaphandle; Ngokuphathelele ukhuseleko, inkqubo yokuvelisa le protheyini evundisiweyo inokulawula ngcono ukungcola kunye neentsholongwane, iphucule ukhuseleko lokutya, kwaye yandise ubomi beshelufu yemveliso ngeteknoloji yokuvundisa; Iprotheyini yethu yesityalo evundisiweyo ikwanazo neengenelo zokusingqongileyo. Inkqubo yokuvundisa inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zendalo ezifana nomhlaba namanzi, inciphise ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane kwimveliso yezolimo, kwaye inciphise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye negesi ezikhupha umoya oshushu.

“Ukongeza, ixabiso lesondlo leprotheyini yezityalo ze-microalgae likwatyebile kakhulu. Ukwakheka kwayo kwe-amino acid kunengqondo ngakumbi kwaye kuhambelana nomzekelo wokwakheka kwe-amino acid ocetyiswe yi-World Health Organisation kunezo zezityalo eziphambili ezifana nerayisi, ingqolowa, umbona, kunye neesoya. Ukongeza, iprotheyini yezityalo ze-microalgae ineoli encinci kuphela, ikakhulu ioyile engagcwaliyo, kwaye ayinayo i-cholesterol, eluncedo ngakumbi kwibhalansi yesondlo somzimba. Kwelinye icala, iprotheyini yezityalo ze-microalgae ikwanazo nezinye izondlo, kubandakanya ii-carotenoids, iivithamini, iiminerali ezisekelwe kwi-bio, njalo njalo.” ULi Yanqun utshilo ngokuzithemba.

UShenghui wafunda ukuba icebo lenkampani lokuphuhlisa iproteni ye-microalgae lahlulwe kabini. Kwelinye icala, ukuphuhlisa izinto ezintsha zeproteni ye-microalgae ukuze kubonelelwe ngezinto eziluhlaza kwiinkampani ezifana nokutya, izinto zokuthambisa, okanye ii-biological agents; Kwelinye icala, uthotho lweemveliso ezinxulumene noko luye lwasungulwa ngokusekelwe kwiproteni entsha ye-microalgae, okwenza i-matrix yeemveliso zeproteni ye-microalgae. Imveliso yokuqala lubisi lwezityalo ze-microalgae.

Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba iprotheyini ye-microalgae yenkampani isandula ukudlula kwinqanaba lokuvelisa elilingwayo, enomthamo wokuvelisa olingwayo omalunga ne-600 kg/ngosuku we-microalgae protein powder. Kulindeleke ukuba iqaliswe kulo nyaka. Ukongeza, iprotheyini ye-microalgae ikwadlule kuyilo olufanelekileyo lwepropathi yengqondo kwaye yafaka isicelo soluhlu lweepatenti zokuyila. ULi Yanqun uthe ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba uphuhliso lweprotheyini licebo lexesha elide lenkampani, kwaye iprotheyini ye-microalgal likhonkco elibalulekileyo ekufezekiseni eli cebo. Uvavanyo lokuhlola oluphumeleleyo lweprotheyini ye-microalgae ngeli xesha linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekufezekiseni icebo lethu lexesha elide. Ukuphunyezwa kweemveliso ezintsha kuya kuba negalelo kuphuhliso olusempilweni lwenkampani kwaye kuzise amandla aqinileyo ekusebenzeni kwayo okuqhubekayo; Kuluntu, oku kukuphunyezwa kwengcamango yengcamango yokutya enkulu, okongeza ubutyebi bemarike yokutya.

Ubisi lwezityalo ludidi olukhulu lokutya okusekwe kwizityalo oluthengiswayo, kubandakanya ubisi lwesoya, ubisi lwe-walnut, ubisi lwamandongomane, ubisi lwe-oat, ubisi lwekhokhonathi, kunye nobisi lwe-almond. Ubisi lwe-protoga Biology olusekwe kwizityalo ze-microalgae luza kuba ludidi olutsha lobisi olusekwe kwizityalo, kulindeleke ukuba luqaliswe kwaye luthengiswe ekupheleni kwalo nyaka, kwaye luza kuba lubisi lokuqala olusekwe kwizityalo ze-microalgae oluthengiswa ngokwenene kwihlabathi liphela.

Ubisi lwesoya lunomxholo ophezulu weproteni, kodwa kukho ivumba lembotyi kunye nezinto ezichasene nesondlo kwiisoya, nto leyo enokuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwalo ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni. I-oat yimveliso yeenkozo enomxholo ophantsi weproteni, kwaye ukutya inani elifanayo leproteni kuya kubangela iicarbohydrates ezingaphezulu. Ubisi lwezityalo olufana nobisi lwe-almond, ubisi lwekhokhonathi, kunye nobisi lwepeanut lunomxholo ophezulu weoyile, kwaye lunokusebenzisa ioyile eninzi xa lusetyenziswa. Xa kuthelekiswa nezi mveliso, ubisi lwezityalo ze-microalgae lunomxholo ophantsi weoyile kunye nesitatshi, kunye nomxholo ophezulu weproteni. Ubisi lwezityalo ze-Microalgae oluvela kwizinto eziphilayo zakudala lwenziwe nge-microalgae, equlethe i-lutein, ii-carotenoids, kunye neevithamini, kwaye lunexabiso elongezelelekileyo lesondlo. Olunye uphawu kukuba Olu bisi olusekwe kwizityalo luveliswa kusetyenziswa iiseli ze-algae kwaye lugcina izondlo ezipheleleyo, kubandakanya i-fiber yokutya etyebileyo; Ngokuphathelele incasa, ubisi lweproteni olusekwe kwizityalo ludla ngokuba nencasa ethile ephuma kwizityalo ngokwazo. I-microalgae yethu ekhethiweyo inevumba eliphantsi le-microalgal kwaye ilawulwa ukuba iveze iincasa ezahlukeneyo ngetekhnoloji yobuqu. Ndikholelwa ukuba ubisi olusekelwe kwizityalo olusekelwe kwi-microalgae, njengohlobo olutsha lwemveliso, ngokuqinisekileyo luya kuqhuba kwaye lukhokele uphuhliso lweli shishini, ngaloo ndlela lukhuthaze uphuhliso lwemarike yobisi olusekelwe kwizityalo yonke uLi Yanqun ucacisile.

"Imarike yeeprotheyini zezityalo ijongene nethuba elihle lophuhliso"
Iproteni yezityalo luhlobo lweproteni ephuma kwizityalo, egaywa lula kwaye ifunxwe ngumzimba womntu. Yenye yemithombo ebalulekileyo yeproteni yokutya kwabantu, kwaye njengeproteni yezilwanyana, inokuxhasa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yobomi efana nokukhula komntu kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla. Kwabo batya imifuno, abantu abane-allergies yeproteni yezilwanyana, kunye neenkolelo ezithile zonqulo kunye nabaxhasi bendalo, inobuhlobo ngakumbi kwaye iyimfuneko.

“Ngokwembono yemfuno yabathengi, iindlela zokutya okunempilo, kunye nokhuseleko lokutya, imfuno yabantu yezinto ezithatha indawo yokutya okuzinzileyo kunye neeprotheyini zenyama iyanda. Ndikholelwa ukuba umlinganiselo weprotheyini yezityalo ekutyeni kwabantu uya kuqhubeka ukhula, kwaye ulwakhiwo olufanelekileyo kunye nobonelelo lwezinto zokutya ezikrwada nazo ziya kudlula kutshintsho olukhulu. Ngamafutshane, imfuno yeprotheyini yezityalo iya kuqhubeka inyuka kwixesha elizayo, kwaye imakethi yeprotheyini yezityalo ivula ithuba elihle lophuhliso,” utshilo uLi Yanqun.

Ngokutsho kweNgxelo yeMarike yeHlabathi yeNkampani yoPhando lweShishini ka-2024, ubungakanani bemarike yeprotheyini yezityalo bukhule kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ubungakanani bemarike ngo-2024 buza kukhula bufikelele kwi-$52.08 yeebhiliyoni, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ubungakanani bemarike kweli candelo bunyuke bufikelele kwi-$107.28 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2028, kunye nezinga lokukhula lonyaka elidibeneyo elimalunga ne-19.8%.

ULi Yanqun waqhubeka wathi, “Enyanisweni, ishishini leeprotheyini zezityalo linembali ende kwaye aliloshishini litsha. Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, njengoko yonke imakethi yeeprotheyini zezityalo isiya icwangciswa ngakumbi kwaye isimo sengqondo sabantu sitshintsha, iphinde yatsala ingqalelo. Kulindeleke ukuba izinga lokukhula kwemarike yehlabathi lisondele kwi-20% kwiminyaka eli-10 ezayo.”

Nangona kunjalo, ukwakhankanye ukuba nangona ishishini leeprotheyini zezityalo likwinqanaba lophuhliso olukhawulezayo okwangoku, kusekho iingxaki ezininzi ekufuneka zisonjululwe kwaye ziphuculwe kwinkqubo yophuhliso. Okokuqala, kukho umba wemikhwa yokutya. Kwezinye iiprotheyini zezityalo ezingezizo ezemveli, abathengi kufuneka baziqhelanise kancinci kancinci nenkqubo yokwamkelwa; Emva koko kukho umba wencasa yeeprotheyini zezityalo. Iiprotheyini zezityalo ngokwazo zinencasa eyahlukileyo, efuna nenkqubo yokwamkelwa nokuqatshelwa. Kwangaxeshanye, unyango olufanelekileyo ngeendlela zobugcisa lukwafuneka kwinqanaba lokuqala; Ukongeza, kukho imiba ngemigangatho yolawulo, kwaye okwangoku, ezinye iiprotheyini zezityalo zinokuba negalelo kwimiba efana nokungabikho kwemigaqo efanelekileyo ekufuneka ilandelwe.