Microalgae yana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin nau'ikan halittu a Duniya, wani nau'in ƙananan algae ne wanda zai iya girma a cikin ruwan ruwa da kuma ruwan teku a cikin saurin haifuwa mai ban mamaki. Yana iya amfani da haske da carbon dioxide yadda ya kamata don photosynthesis ko amfani da hanyoyin carbon masu sauƙi don haɓakar heterotrophic, da kuma haɗa nau'ikan abubuwan gina jiki daban-daban kamar furotin, sukari, da mai ta hanyar metabolism na ƙwayoyin halitta.

Saboda haka, ana ɗaukar ƙananan ƙwayoyin algae a matsayin ƙwayoyin chassis mafi kyau don cimma masana'antar halittu masu kore da dorewa, kuma an yi amfani da su sosai a fannoni daban-daban kamar abinci, kayayyakin kiwon lafiya, magunguna, kayan kwalliya, man fetur, da kuma bioplastics.

Kwanan nan, wani kamfanin nazarin halittu na roba na cikin gida, Protoga Biotech, ya sanar da cewa sabon furotin dinsa na microalgae ya tsallake matakin gwaji na gwaji, tare da matsakaicin karfin samar da furotin na kilo 600 a kowace rana. Samfurin farko da aka gina bisa ga sabon furotin na microalgae, madarar shuka ta microalgae, shi ma ya ci gwajin gwaji kuma ana sa ran za a kaddamar da shi a sayar da shi nan da karshen wannan shekarar.

Da wannan damar, Shenghui ya yi hira da Dr. Li Yanqun, babban injiniyan haɓaka aikace-aikace a fannin fasahar kere-kere ta protoga Biotechnology. Ya gabatar wa Shenghui cikakkun bayanai game da nasarar gwajin gwajin furotin na ƙananan algae da kuma ci gaban da ake samu a fannin furotin na tsirrai. Li Yanqun yana da fiye da shekaru 40 na ƙwarewar aiki a fannin kimiyya da fasaha a fannin manyan abinci, galibi yana gudanar da bincike da haɓaka fasahar kere-kere ta ƙananan algae da fasahar kere-kere ta abinci. Ya kammala karatun digirin digirgir a fannin Injiniyan Fermentation daga Jami'ar Jiangnan. Kafin ya shiga fannin ilmin halittu na protoga, ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa a Makarantar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Abinci, Jami'ar Guangdong Ocean.

"Kamar yadda sunan kamfanin ya nuna, fasahar kere-kere ta Biotechnology tana buƙatar yin kirkire-kirkire tun daga farko kuma ta sami damar girma daga farko. protoga tana wakiltar babban ruhin kamfanin, wanda shine jajircewarmu ga kirkire-kirkire a tushe da kuma haɓaka fasahohin zamani da kayayyaki. Ilimi shine a noma da girma, kuma fasaha da ra'ayoyin kirkire-kirkire a tushe suna buƙatar haɓaka zuwa sabuwar masana'antu, sabuwar hanyar amfani, har ma da sabon tsarin tattalin arziki. Mun buɗe sabuwar hanya don samar da kayayyaki masu daraja ta amfani da ƙananan algae, wanda muhimmin ƙari ne ga samarwa da samar da albarkatun abinci, daidai da ra'ayin da ake da shi na babban abinci, yayin da kuma inganta matsalolin muhalli." Li Yanqun ya shaida wa Shenghui.

Fasahar ta samo asali ne daga Jami'ar Tsinghua, tare da mai da hankali kan haɓaka sunadaran tsire-tsire masu ƙananan algae.
Protoga Biotechnology kamfani ne na fasahar kere-kere da aka kafa a shekarar 2021, wanda ke mai da hankali kan haɓaka da sarrafa kayayyakin fasahar ƙananan algae. Fasahar ta samo asali ne daga tarin bincike kusan shekaru 30 a dakin gwaje-gwajen ƙananan algae na Jami'ar Tsinghua. Bayanan jama'a sun nuna cewa tun lokacin da aka kafa kamfanin, kamfanin ya tara sama da yuan miliyan 100 a fannin kuɗi tare da faɗaɗa girmansa.

A halin yanzu, ta kafa dakin gwaje-gwaje na bincike da haɓaka fasaha don ilimin halittar roba a Shenzhen, cibiyar gwaji ta gwaji a Zhuhai, masana'antar samarwa a Qingdao, da kuma cibiyar tallan ƙasa da ƙasa a Beijing, wanda ke kula da haɓaka samfura, gwajin gwaji, samarwa, da hanyoyin kasuwanci.

Musamman ma, dakin gwaje-gwajen kimiyya da haɓaka fasahar ilmin halitta na roba a Shenzhen ya fi mayar da hankali kan bincike na asali kuma yana da cikakken sarkar fasaha daga injiniyan ƙwayoyin halitta na asali, gina hanyoyin rayuwa, fasahar tantance nau'ikan iri zuwa haɓaka samfura; Yana da tushe na gwaji na murabba'in mita 3000 a Zhuhai kuma an sanya shi cikin samarwa na gwaji. Babban alhakinsa shine haɓaka fermentation da noman algae ko ƙwayoyin cuta da dakin gwaje-gwajen R&D suka haɓaka akan sikelin gwaji, da kuma ƙara sarrafa biomass ɗin da aka samar ta hanyar fermentation zuwa samfura; Masana'antar Qingdao layin samar da masana'antu ne wanda ke da alhakin samar da kayayyaki masu yawa.

Dangane da waɗannan dandamalin fasaha da wuraren samarwa, muna amfani da hanyoyin masana'antu don noman ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da samar da kayan aiki iri-iri na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da samfuran da suka haɗa da su, gami da furotin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, levastaxanthin, microalgae exosomes, DHA algal oil, da polysaccharides tsirara na algae. Daga cikinsu, an ƙaddamar da man algae DHA da polysaccharides tsirara na algae don siyarwa, yayin da furotin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta shine samfurinmu na zamani a tushen kuma muhimmin aiki don haɓakawa da haɓaka samarwa. A zahiri, ana iya ganin matsayin tushen furotin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta daga sunan Ingilishi na metazoa, wanda za'a iya fahimtarsa ​​​​a matsayin taƙaitaccen bayanin "protein na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta"

Sinadarin Microalgae ya yi nasarar cin jarrabawar gwaji, kuma ana sa ran za a ƙaddamar da madarar da aka yi da tsire-tsire ta microalgae nan da ƙarshen shekara.
"Protein muhimmin sinadari ne da za a iya raba shi zuwa furotin na dabbobi da furotin na shuka. Duk da haka, har yanzu akwai matsaloli game da rashin isasshen furotin da rashin daidaito a duk duniya. Dalilin da ke bayan haka shi ne cewa samar da furotin ya dogara ne akan dabbobi, tare da ƙarancin ingancin canzawa da tsada mai yawa. Tare da canje-canje a cikin halaye na abinci da ra'ayoyin amfani, mahimmancin furotin na shuka yana ƙara bayyana. Mun yi imanin cewa furotin na shuka, kamar furotin na microalgae da muka ƙirƙira, yana da babban damar inganta samar da furotin," in ji Li Yanqun.

Ya ƙara da cewa idan aka kwatanta da wasu, furotin na ƙananan algae na kamfanin yana da fa'idodi da yawa a cikin ingancin samarwa, daidaito, kwanciyar hankali, kariyar muhalli, da ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki. Da farko, furotin na ƙananan algae ɗinmu a zahiri yana kama da "furotin fermentation", wanda furotin na tsire-tsire ne da aka samar ta amfani da fasahar fermentation. Sabanin haka, tsarin samar da wannan furotin da aka fermented yana da sauri, kuma tsarin fermentation zai iya faruwa a duk shekara ba tare da kakar ta shafe shi ba; Dangane da ikon sarrafawa da daidaito, ana gudanar da tsarin fermentation a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa, wanda zai iya tabbatar da inganci da daidaiton samfurin. A lokaci guda, iyawar hasashen da ikon sarrafa tsarin fermentation sun fi girma, wanda zai iya rage tasirin yanayi da sauran abubuwan waje; Dangane da aminci, tsarin samar da wannan furotin da aka fermented zai iya sarrafa gurɓatattun abubuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta mafi kyau, inganta amincin abinci, da kuma tsawaita rayuwar samfurin ta hanyar fasahar fermentation; furotin na tsire-tsire da aka fermented ɗinmu kuma yana da fa'idodin muhalli. Tsarin fermentation zai iya rage amfani da albarkatun ƙasa kamar ƙasa da ruwa, rage amfani da takin zamani da magungunan kashe ƙwari a cikin aikin gona, da kuma rage tasirin carbon da hayakin iskar gas.

"Bugu da ƙari, ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki na furotin shuke-shuken microalgae shi ma yana da wadata sosai. Tsarin amino acid ɗinsa ya fi dacewa kuma ya yi daidai da tsarin amino acid da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ba da shawara fiye da na manyan amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, alkama, masara, da waken soya. Bugu da ƙari, furotin shuke-shuken microalgae yana ɗauke da ƙaramin adadin mai kawai, galibi man da ba shi da cikakken kitse, kuma ba ya ɗauke da cholesterol, wanda ya fi amfani ga daidaiton abinci mai gina jiki na jiki. A gefe guda kuma, furotin shuke-shuken microalgae yana ɗauke da wasu sinadarai masu gina jiki, gami da carotenoids, bitamin, ma'adanai masu tushen bio, da sauransu." Li Yanqun ya faɗi da tabbaci.

Shenghui ya fahimci cewa dabarun haɓaka kamfanin don samar da furotin na ƙananan algae ya kasu kashi biyu. A gefe guda, ƙirƙirar sabbin kayan albarkatun furotin na ƙananan algae don samar da kayan albarkatun ƙasa ga kamfanoni kamar abinci, kayan kwalliya, ko magungunan halittu; A gefe guda kuma, an ƙaddamar da jerin samfuran da suka shafi wannan dangane da sabbin furotin na ƙananan algae, wanda ya samar da matrix na samfuran furotin na ƙananan algae. Samfurin farko shine madarar shuka ta ƙananan algae.

Ya kamata a ambaci cewa furotin na ƙananan algae na kamfanin ya wuce matakin gwaji na samarwa, tare da ƙarfin samar da samfurin kimanin kilogiram 600 a rana na foda furotin na ƙananan algae. Ana sa ran za a ƙaddamar da shi a cikin wannan shekarar. Bugu da ƙari, furotin na ƙananan algae shi ma ya yi amfani da tsarin mallakar fasaha mai dacewa kuma ya nemi jerin haƙƙin mallaka na ƙirƙira. Li Yanqun ya bayyana a fili cewa haɓaka furotin dabara ce ta dogon lokaci ta kamfanin, kuma furotin na ƙananan algae muhimmin haɗi ne wajen cimma wannan dabarar. Nasarar gwajin gwajin furotin na ƙananan algae a wannan karon muhimmin ci gaba ne wajen cimma dabarunmu na dogon lokaci. Aiwatar da samfuran kirkire-kirkire zai ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban kamfanin lafiya kuma ya kawo ƙarfi ga ci gaba da aikinsa; Ga al'umma, wannan shine aiwatar da manufar babban ra'ayin abinci, yana ƙara wadatar da albarkatun kasuwar abinci.

Madarar shuka babban nau'in abinci ne na tsirrai da ake sayarwa a kasuwa, ciki har da madarar waken soya, madarar gyada, madarar gyada, madarar oat, madarar kwakwa, da madarar almond. Madarar shuka ta microalgae ta Biology za ta zama sabuwar nau'in madarar shuka, wadda ake sa ran za a ƙaddamar da ita kuma a sayar da ita nan da ƙarshen wannan shekarar, kuma za ta zama madarar shuka ta farko da aka fara sayar da ita a duniya.

Madarar waken soya tana da yawan furotin, amma akwai warin wake da abubuwan da ke hana abinci mai gina jiki a cikin waken soya, wanda hakan na iya shafar yadda ake amfani da shi a jiki. Oat samfurin hatsi ne mai ƙarancin furotin, kuma shan irin wannan adadin furotin zai haifar da ƙarin carbohydrates. Madarar shuka kamar madarar almond, madarar kwakwa, da madarar gyada suna da yawan mai, kuma suna iya cinye mai idan aka sha. Idan aka kwatanta da waɗannan samfuran, madarar shukar microalgae tana da ƙarancin mai da sitaci, tare da ƙarin furotin. Madarar shukar microalgae daga ƙwayoyin halitta na asali an yi ta ne daga ƙwayoyin algae, wanda ya ƙunshi lutein, carotenoids, da bitamin, kuma yana da ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki mafi girma. Wani halayyar ita ce ana samar da wannan madarar shuka ta amfani da ƙwayoyin algae kuma tana riƙe da cikakkun abubuwan gina jiki, gami da wadataccen fiber na abinci; Dangane da dandano, madarar furotin ta shuka sau da yawa tana da ɗanɗano da aka samo daga tsire-tsire da kansu. Ƙananan algae ɗinmu da aka zaɓa suna da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano kuma an tsara su don gabatar da ɗanɗano daban-daban ta hanyar fasaha ta musamman. Ina ganin cewa madarar tsirrai ta microalgae, a matsayin wani sabon nau'in samfuri, ba makawa za ta jagoranci ci gaban masana'antar, ta haka za ta haɓaka ci gaban kasuwar madara ta shuka gaba ɗaya, in ji Li Yanqun.

"Kasuwar furotin ta shuka tana fuskantar kyakkyawar dama ta ci gaba"
Sinadarin tsirrai nau'in furotin ne da ake samu daga tsirrai, wanda jikin ɗan adam ke narkewa cikin sauƙi kuma yana sha. Yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin samar da furotin na abincin ɗan adam kuma, kamar furotin na dabbobi, yana iya tallafawa ayyukan rayuwa daban-daban kamar girma da samar da kuzari. Ga masu cin ganyayyaki, mutanen da ke da rashin lafiyar furotin na dabbobi, da kuma wasu imani na addini da masu rajin kare muhalli, yana da abokantaka har ma da buƙata.

"Daga mahangar buƙatun masu amfani, yanayin cin abinci mai kyau, da amincin abinci, buƙatar mutane don maye gurbin abinci mai ɗorewa da furotin na nama yana ƙaruwa. Ina ganin cewa yawan furotin na shuka a cikin abincin mutane zai ci gaba da ƙaruwa, kuma tsarin da ya dace da wadatar kayan abinci suma za su fuskanci manyan canje-canje. A takaice, buƙatar furotin na shuka za ta ci gaba da ƙaruwa a nan gaba, kuma kasuwar furotin na shuka tana kawo kyakkyawar dama ga ci gaba," in ji Li Yanqun.

A cewar rahoton Kasuwar Duniya ta Kamfanin Binciken Kasuwanci na 2024 kan Sunadaran Shuke-shuke, girman kasuwa na sunadaran shuka yana karuwa sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Girman kasuwa a 2024 zai karu zuwa dala biliyan 52.08, kuma ana sa ran girman kasuwa a wannan fanni zai karu zuwa dala biliyan 107.28 nan da 2028, tare da karuwar ci gaba a kowace shekara kusan kashi 19.8%.

Li Yanqun ya ci gaba da nuna cewa, "A gaskiya ma, masana'antar furotin na shuka tana da dogon tarihi kuma ba masana'antu ce mai tasowa ba. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, yayin da kasuwar furotin na shuka gaba daya ta zama mai tsari kuma ra'ayoyin mutane ke canzawa, ta sake jan hankali. Ana sa ran karuwar kasuwar duniya za ta kusan kusan kashi 20% cikin shekaru 10 masu zuwa."

Duk da haka, ya kuma ambaci cewa duk da cewa masana'antar furotin na shuka a halin yanzu tana cikin matakin ci gaba mai sauri, har yanzu akwai matsaloli da yawa da za a warware su kuma a inganta su a cikin tsarin ci gaba. Da farko, akwai batun halaye na amfani. Ga wasu furotin na shuka waɗanda ba na gargajiya ba, masu amfani suna buƙatar su fahimci tsarin karɓa a hankali; Sannan akwai batun dandanon furotin na shuka. Sunadaran shuka kansu suna da ɗanɗano na musamman, wanda kuma yana buƙatar tsari na karɓa da amincewa. A lokaci guda, magani mai dacewa ta hanyar hanyoyin fasaha shima ya zama dole a matakin farko; Bugu da ƙari, akwai matsaloli tare da ƙa'idodin ƙa'idoji, kuma a halin yanzu, wasu sunadaran shuka na iya shiga cikin batutuwa kamar rashin ƙa'idodi masu dacewa da za a bi.