Ma microalgae ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, mtundu wa algae ang'onoang'ono omwe amatha kukula m'madzi oyera komanso m'nyanja mwachangu kwambiri. Angagwiritse ntchito bwino kuwala ndi carbon dioxide popanga photosynthesis kapena kugwiritsa ntchito magwero osavuta a carbon organic kuti akule bwino, ndikupanga michere yosiyanasiyana monga mapuloteni, shuga, ndi mafuta kudzera mu kagayidwe ka maselo.

Chifukwa chake, ma microalgae amaonedwa ngati maselo abwino kwambiri opangira zinthu zachilengedwe zobiriwira komanso zokhazikika, ndipo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga chakudya, zinthu zaumoyo, mankhwala, zodzoladzola, biofuels, ndi bioplastics.

Posachedwapa, kampani yopanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi ma microalgae m'nyumba, Protoga Biotech, yalengeza kuti mapuloteni ake atsopano a microalgae adutsa bwino gawo loyesera kupanga, ndi mphamvu yayikulu yopanga ma kilogalamu 600 a mapuloteni patsiku. Chogulitsa choyamba chochokera ku mapuloteni atsopano a microalgae, mkaka wa zomera wa microalgae, chapambananso mayeso oyesera ndipo chikuyembekezeka kuyambitsidwa ndikugulitsidwa kumapeto kwa chaka chino.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mwayi umenewu, Shenghui adafunsa Dr. Li Yanqun, mainjiniya wamkulu wa chitukuko cha mapulogalamu ku protoga Biotechnology. Anamufotokozera Shenghui tsatanetsatane wa mayeso oyeserera opambana a mapuloteni a microalgae ndi chiyembekezo cha chitukuko m'munda wa mapuloteni a zomera. Li Yanqun ali ndi zaka zoposa 40 zaukadaulo pantchito yasayansi ndi ukadaulo m'munda wa chakudya chachikulu, makamaka akuchita kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha kugwiritsa ntchito microalgae biotechnology ndi food biotechnology. Anamaliza maphunziro ake ndi PhD mu Fermentation Engineering kuchokera ku Jiangnan University. Asanalowe nawo protoga Biology, adagwira ntchito ngati pulofesa ku Sukulu ya Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University.

"Monga momwe dzina la kampani likusonyezera, protoga Biotechnology iyenera kupanga zinthu zatsopano kuyambira pachiyambi komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu yokukula kuyambira pachiyambi. Protoga ikuyimira mzimu waukulu wa kampaniyo, womwe ndi kudzipereka kwathu ku zatsopano kuyambira pachiyambi komanso chitukuko cha ukadaulo ndi zinthu zatsopano zoyambirira. Maphunziro ndi kulima ndikukula, ndipo ukadaulo ndi malingaliro a zatsopano kuyambira pachiyambi ziyenera kukhala makampani atsopano, njira yatsopano yogwiritsira ntchito, komanso njira yatsopano yazachuma. Tatsegula njira yatsopano yopangira zinthu zamtengo wapatali pogwiritsa ntchito microalgae, yomwe ndi yowonjezera yofunika kwambiri pakupanga ndi kupereka chakudya, mogwirizana ndi lingaliro lomwe likulimbikitsa la chakudya chachikulu, komanso kukonza mavuto azachilengedwe." Li Yanqun adauza Shenghui.

Ukadaulowu umachokera ku Tsinghua University, ndipo cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa mapuloteni a zomera za microalgae.
Protoga Biotechnology ndi kampani ya biotechnology yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2021, yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga ndi kukonza zinthu zaukadaulo wa microalgae. Ukadaulo wake umachokera ku kafukufuku wazaka pafupifupi 30 wopezeka mu labotale ya microalgae ya Tsinghua University. Zambiri za anthu zikuwonetsa kuti kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa, kampaniyo yapeza ndalama zoposa ma yuan 100 miliyoni ndikukulitsa kukula kwake.

Pakadali pano, yakhazikitsa labotale yofufuzira ndi kupanga ukadaulo wa sayansi yopangidwa ku Shenzhen, malo oyesera oyesera ku Zhuhai, fakitale yopanga zinthu ku Qingdao, ndi malo otsatsa malonda apadziko lonse ku Beijing, omwe amafotokoza za chitukuko cha zinthu, kuyesa kwa oyendetsa, kupanga, ndi njira zogulitsira.

Makamaka, labotale yofufuza ndi kupanga ukadaulo wa sayansi yopangidwa ku Shenzhen imayang'ana kwambiri kafukufuku woyambira ndipo ili ndi unyolo wathunthu waukadaulo kuyambira pa uinjiniya woyambira wa maselo, kapangidwe ka njira zamagetsi, ukadaulo wowunikira kupsinjika mpaka kupanga zinthu; Ili ndi malo oyesera a 3000 square metres ku Zhuhai ndipo yayikidwa mu kupanga zoyeserera. Udindo wake waukulu ndikukulitsa kuwiritsa ndi kulima algae kapena mitundu ya mabakiteriya yopangidwa ndi labotale ya R&D pa sikelo yoyeserera, ndikupititsa patsogolo kukonza biomass yopangidwa ndi kuwiritsa kukhala zinthu; Fakitale ya Qingdao ndi mzere wopanga mafakitale womwe umayang'anira kupanga zinthu zambiri.

Kutengera ndi nsanja zaukadaulo ndi malo opangira zinthuzi, tikugwiritsa ntchito njira zamafakitale kulima ma microalgae ndikupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopangidwa ndi ma microalgae ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza mapuloteni a microalgae, levastaxanthin, ma microalgae exosomes, mafuta a DHA algal, ndi ma naked algae polysaccharides. Pakati pawo, mafuta a DHA algal ndi ma naked algae polysaccharides ayambitsidwa kuti agulitsidwe, pomwe mapuloteni a microalgae ndiye chinthu chathu chatsopano chomwe chimachokera komanso pulojekiti yofunika kwambiri yolimbikitsira ndikupanga. Ndipotu, malo ofunikira a mapuloteni a microalgal amathanso kuwoneka kuchokera ku dzina la Chingerezi la metazoa, lomwe lingamveke ngati chidule cha "protein of microalga"

Puloteni ya microalgae yapambana mayeso oyeserera, ndipo akuyembekezeka kuti mkaka wochokera ku zomera za microalgae udzatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa chaka chino.
"Mapuloteni ndi michere yofunika kwambiri yomwe ingagawidwe m'mapuloteni a nyama ndi mapuloteni a zomera. Komabe, pakadali mavuto okhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa mapuloteni osakwanira komanso osakwanira padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa cha izi ndikuti kupanga mapuloteni kumadalira kwambiri nyama, ndi mphamvu zochepa zosinthira komanso ndalama zambiri. Ndi kusintha kwa zizolowezi zakudya ndi malingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito, kufunika kwa mapuloteni a zomera kukukulirakulira. Tikukhulupirira kuti mapuloteni a zomera, monga mapuloteni atsopano a microalgae omwe tapanga, ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kokweza kupezeka kwa mapuloteni," adatero Li Yanqun.

Ananenanso kuti poyerekeza ndi ena, mapuloteni a zomera a microalgae a kampaniyo ali ndi ubwino wambiri pakupanga bwino, kufanana, kukhazikika, kuteteza chilengedwe, komanso kufunika kwa zakudya. Choyamba, mapuloteni athu a microalgal kwenikweni ali ngati "puloteni yophika", yomwe ndi mapuloteni a zomera opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa fermentation. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, njira yopangira puloteni yophika iyi imakhala yachangu, ndipo njira yophika imatha kuchitika chaka chonse popanda kukhudzidwa ndi nyengo; Ponena za kulamulira ndi kukhazikika, njira yophika imachitika m'malo olamulidwa, zomwe zingatsimikizire kuti chinthucho chili bwino komanso chokhazikika. Nthawi yomweyo, kudziwikiratu ndi kulamulira kwa njira yophika ndikwapamwamba, zomwe zingachepetse mphamvu ya nyengo ndi zinthu zina zakunja; Ponena za chitetezo, njira yopangira puloteni yophika iyi imatha kuwongolera bwino zoipitsa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kukonza chitetezo cha chakudya, komanso kukulitsa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ukadaulo wa fermentation; Mapuloteni athu a zomera ophika alinso ndi ubwino pa chilengedwe. Njira yophika imatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe monga nthaka ndi madzi, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo popanga ulimi, komanso kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon ndi mpweya woipa.

"Kuphatikiza apo, phindu la zakudya la puloteni ya zomera za microalgae ndi lolemera kwambiri. Kapangidwe kake ka amino acid ndi koyenera komanso kogwirizana ndi kapangidwe ka amino acid komwe bungwe la World Health Organization limalangiza kuposa ka mbewu zazikulu monga mpunga, tirigu, chimanga, ndi soya limalangiza. Kuphatikiza apo, puloteni ya zomera za microalgae imakhala ndi mafuta ochepa okha, makamaka mafuta osakhuta, ndipo ilibe cholesterol, yomwe ndi yothandiza kwambiri pa thanzi la thupi. Kumbali ina, puloteni ya zomera za microalgae ilinso ndi michere ina, kuphatikizapo ma carotenoid, mavitamini, mchere wochokera ku bio, ndi zina zotero." Li Yanqun adatero molimba mtima.

Shenghui adaphunzira kuti njira yopangira mapuloteni a microalgae ya kampaniyo yagawidwa m'mbali ziwiri. Kumbali imodzi, kupanga zinthu zatsopano zopangira mapuloteni a microalgae kuti apereke zinthu zopangira makampani monga chakudya, zodzoladzola, kapena zinthu zina zachilengedwe; Kumbali ina, zinthu zingapo zokhudzana nazo zayambitsidwa kutengera mapuloteni atsopano a microalgae, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mapuloteni a microalgae. Chogulitsa choyamba ndi mkaka wa zomera wa microalgae.

Ndikoyenera kunena kuti puloteni ya microalgae ya kampaniyo yadutsa gawo loyambirira la kupanga, yokhala ndi mphamvu yoyesera yokwana pafupifupi 600 kg patsiku ya ufa wa microalgae protein. Ikuyembekezeka kuyambitsidwa mkati mwa chaka chino. Kuphatikiza apo, puloteni ya microalgae yakhalanso ndi kapangidwe koyenera ka umwini wanzeru ndipo yapempha ma patent angapo opanga zinthu zatsopano. Li Yanqun adanena motsimikiza kuti kupanga mapuloteni ndi njira yayitali ya kampaniyo, ndipo puloteni ya microalgal ndi ulalo wofunikira pakukwaniritsa njira iyi. Kuyesa koyeserera kopambana kwa puloteni ya microalgae nthawi ino ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukwaniritsa njira yathu yayitali. Kukhazikitsa zinthu zatsopano kudzathandizira pakukula kwabwino kwa kampaniyo ndikubweretsa mphamvu zamphamvu kuntchito yake yopitilira; Kwa anthu, uku ndi kukhazikitsa lingaliro la lingaliro lalikulu la chakudya, kupititsa patsogolo chuma cha msika wa chakudya.

Mkaka wa zomera ndi gulu lalikulu la zakudya zochokera ku zomera zomwe zili pamsika, kuphatikizapo mkaka wa soya, mkaka wa mtedza, mkaka wa mtedza, mkaka wa oat, mkaka wa kokonati, ndi mkaka wa amondi. Mkaka wa protoga Biology wochokera ku zomera za microalgae udzakhala gulu latsopano la mkaka wochokera ku zomera, womwe ukuyembekezeka kutulutsidwa ndikugulitsidwa kumapeto kwa chaka chino, ndipo udzakhala mkaka woyamba padziko lonse wogulitsidwa kwambiri wochokera ku zomera za microalgae.

Mkaka wa soya uli ndi mapuloteni ambiri, koma pali fungo la nyemba ndi zinthu zina zotsutsana ndi zakudya mu soya, zomwe zingakhudze momwe umagwiritsidwira ntchito bwino m'thupi. Oat ndi chinthu cha tirigu chokhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa, ndipo kudya mapuloteni ofanana kumabweretsa chakudya chambiri. Mkaka wa zomera monga mkaka wa amondi, mkaka wa kokonati, ndi mkaka wa mtedza uli ndi mafuta ambiri, ndipo ukhoza kudya mafuta ambiri ukagwiritsidwa ntchito. Poyerekeza ndi zinthuzi, mkaka wa zomera wa microalgae uli ndi mafuta ochepa ndi wowuma, wokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Mkaka wa zomera wa microalgae wochokera ku zamoyo zakale umapangidwa kuchokera ku microalgae, yomwe ili ndi lutein, carotenoids, ndi mavitamini, ndipo ili ndi zakudya zambiri. Khalidwe lina ndilakuti mkaka wochokera ku zomerawu umapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maselo a algae ndipo umasunga michere yonse, kuphatikizapo ulusi wambiri wazakudya; Ponena za kukoma, mkaka wochokera ku zomera nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi kukoma kochokera ku zomera zokha. Microalgae yathu yosankhidwa ili ndi fungo lochepa la microalgal ndipo imayendetsedwa kuti ipereke kukoma kosiyanasiyana kudzera muukadaulo wapadera. Ndikukhulupirira kuti mkaka wochokera ku zomera wotchedwa microalgae, monga mtundu watsopano wa chinthu, udzatsogolera chitukuko cha makampani, motero kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha msika wonse wa mkaka wochokera ku zomera, Li Yanqun anafotokoza.

"Msika wa mapuloteni a zomera ukukumana ndi mwayi wabwino woti chitukuko chichitike"
Mapuloteni a zomera ndi mtundu wa mapuloteni ochokera ku zomera, omwe thupi la munthu limagaya mosavuta ndikuyamwa. Ndi amodzi mwa magwero ofunikira a mapuloteni a chakudya cha anthu ndipo, monga mapuloteni a nyama, amatha kuthandizira zochitika zosiyanasiyana monga kukula kwa anthu ndi kupereka mphamvu. Kwa anthu osadya nyama, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mapuloteni a nyama, komanso zikhulupiriro zina zachipembedzo komanso oteteza chilengedwe, ndi abwino kwambiri komanso ofunikira.

"Kuchokera pamalingaliro okhudza kufunikira kwa ogula, njira zodyera bwino, komanso chitetezo cha chakudya, kufunikira kwa anthu kwa zakudya zokhazikika ndi mapuloteni a nyama kukuwonjezeka. Ndikukhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a zomera muzakudya za anthu kudzapitirira kukwera, ndipo kapangidwe koyenera ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu zopangira chakudya kudzasinthanso kwambiri. Mwachidule, kufunikira kwa mapuloteni a zomera kudzapitirira kukwera mtsogolo, ndipo msika wa mapuloteni a zomera ukubweretsa mwayi wabwino wokukula," adatero Li Yanqun.

Malinga ndi lipoti la The Bussiness Research Company la 2024 Global Market Report on Plant Protein, kukula kwa msika wa mapuloteni a zomera kwakhala kukukula kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Kukula kwa msika mu 2024 kudzafika pa $52.08 biliyoni, ndipo akuyembekezeka kuti kukula kwa msika m'munda uno kudzafika pa $107.28 biliyoni pofika chaka cha 2028, ndi kuchuluka kwa pachaka komwe kudzawonjezeka pafupifupi 19.8%.

Li Yanqun adapitiliza kunena kuti, "M'malo mwake, makampani opanga mapuloteni a zomera akhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo si makampani omwe akuyamba kumene. M'zaka khumi zapitazi, pomwe msika wonse wa mapuloteni a zomera ukukhala wokhazikika komanso malingaliro a anthu akusintha, wakopanso chidwi. Akuyembekezeka kuti kukula kwa msika wapadziko lonse kudzafika pa 20% m'zaka 10 zikubwerazi."

Komabe, adanenanso kuti ngakhale makampani opanga mapuloteni a zomera ali mu gawo lachitukuko chofulumira, pakadali mavuto ambiri omwe akuyenera kuthetsedwa ndikuwongoleredwa munjira yopangira. Choyamba, pali vuto la zizolowezi zodya. Kwa mapuloteni ena osakhala achikhalidwe, ogula ayenera kudziwa pang'onopang'ono njira yolandirira; Kenako pali vuto la kukoma kwa mapuloteni a zomera. Mapuloteni a zomera okha ali ndi kukoma kwapadera, komwe kumafunikiranso njira yolandirira ndi kuzindikira. Nthawi yomweyo, chithandizo choyenera kudzera munjira zaukadaulo ndichofunikanso pagawo loyambirira; Kuphatikiza apo, pali mavuto ndi miyezo yolamulira, ndipo pakadali pano, mapuloteni ena a zomera akhoza kukhala ndi vuto monga kusowa kwa malamulo oyenera kutsatira.