Udukoko duto (microalgae) ni iki?

Ubusanzwe, microalgae yerekeza kuri mikorobe zirimo chlorophyll A kandi zishobora gukora fotosinthesi. Ingano yazo ni nto kandi imiterere yazo ishobora kumenyekana gusa hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi.

Udukoko duto dukwirakwira cyane mu butaka, mu biyaga, mu nyanja no mu zindi nyanja.

Hari ubwoko bw'ibimera bito bibarirwa muri miliyoni imwe ku isi, mu gihe ubu hari ubwoko bw'ibimera bito birenga 40000 gusa bizwi.

Udukoko duto tw’ubukungu dusanzwe turimo Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina, n'ibindi.

Ni iki utwo tunyangingo duto dushobora gukora?

Igishuko

Mu musaruro w’ibishyimbo by’amafi mu bucuruzi bw’ubukungu bw’inyanja, algae y’ibishyimbo byo mu mazi yakoreshejwe nk’icyambo cy’ibishyimbo by’amafi mu byiciro bitandukanye by’iterambere. Kugeza ubu, algae y’ibishyimbo by’amafi bizima byagiye bifatwa nk’icyambo cyiza ku bishyimbo by’amafi n’ibikiri bito.

Gusukura amasoko y'amazi yo mu mazi

Bitewe no guteza imbere cyane ubworozi bw’amafi mu Bushinwa, ubworozi bw’amafi bwinshi buri mu mimerere yo kubura amazi umwaka wose, kandi indabyo z’ibimera byo mu mazi zikunze kugaragara. Nk’ubwoko bumwe bukunze kugaragara bw’indabyo z’ibimera byo mu mazi, ibimera byo mu mazi byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku iterambere ry’ubworozi bw’amafi. Indabyo za Cyanobacteria zifite imiterere yo gukwirakwira mu buryo bwagutse, kwihuza neza n’uburyo bwo kororoka. Icyorezo cya Cyanobacteria gitwara umwuka mwinshi wa ogisijeni, bigatuma amazi agabanuka vuba. Byongeye kandi, inzira y’imikorere y’ibimera byo mu mazi igabanya uburozi bwinshi, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikurire no kororoka kw’inyamaswa zo mu mazi.

Chlorella ni imwe mu bwoko bwa Chlorophyta phylum kandi ni algae ifite ingirabuzima fatizo imwe kandi ikwirakwira mu buryo burambuye mu bidukikije. Chlorella ntabwo ikora nk'icyambo cyiza cyane ku nyamaswa zo mu mazi, ahubwo inafata ibintu nka azote na fosifore mu mazi, ikagabanya urugero rw'amazi meza kandi igatunganya amazi meza. Kuri ubu, ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku bijyanye no kuvura algae ntoya bwagaragaje ko algae ntoya ifite ingaruka nziza zo gukuraho azote na fosifore. Ariko, algae y'ubururu-icyatsi kibisi, iteza akaga gakomeye mu bworozi bw'amafi, ni umusaruro wa fosifore nyinshi na azote mu mazi. Kubwibyo, gukoresha algae ntoya mu gukuraho algae y'ubururu-icyatsi bitanga uburyo bushya kandi bwizewe bwo kuvura indabyo z'algae y'ubururu-icyatsi.

Ibisubizo by'igerageza bigaragaza ko Chlorella vulgaris ishobora gukuraho intungamubiri nka azote na fosifore mu mazi. Bityo, isoko y'intungamubiri z'ibimera by'ubururu-icyatsi kibisi icibwa mu mazi yo mu bworozi, ikabugumana ku rugero rwo hasi kandi ikabuza ikwirakwira ryabyo. Byongeye kandi, birashoboka kongera umwuka mu mazi yo mu bworozi no gukomeza kurekura ibimera bito mu mazi yo mu bworozi, amaherezo bigatuma ibimera bito biba imbogamizi mu mazi yo mu bworozi, bityo bikabuza ko indabyo z'ibimera by'ubururu-icyatsi kibisi zibaho.

Ukurikije ibidukikije n'iterambere ryiza ry'inganda zo mu mazi, gukoresha amarushanwa y'ingirakamaro y'ibimera mu gukumira indabyo z'ibimera by'ubururu n'icyatsi kibisi ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kurwanya ibimera by'ubururu. Ariko, ubushakashatsi buriho ubu ntiburatungana neza. Mu ikoranabuhanga rifatika ryo kugenzura indabyo z'ibimera by'ubururu n'icyatsi kibisi, guhitamo uburyo burambuye bwo mu buryo bw'umubiri, imiti, n'ibinyabuzima no guhuza n'imimerere y'aho hantu ni bwo buryo bwiza.

Kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere

Kuva mu mpinduramatwara y’inganda, abantu bohereje CO2 nyinshi mu kirere, bitera ubushyuhe bw’isi. Udukoko duto dufite ubushobozi bwo gukora fotosinthesiyo, dukoresha fotosinthesiyo mu gutunganya karubone no gukora ibintu bikomoka ku bimera, ibi bigatuma ikirere kigabanuka.

Ibikoresho by'ubuzima n'ibiribwa bikora neza: ibinini, ifu, inyongeramusaruro

Chlorella vulgaris

Chlorella ifite ingaruka zikomeye ku kuvura indwara nyinshi n'ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro, harimo ibisebe byo mu gifu, ihungabana, impatwe, kubura amaraso, nibindi. Amazi ya Chlorella vulgaris afite imiterere igaragara yo guteza imbere ingirabuzimafatizo, bityo yitwa Chlorella Growth Factor (CGF). Ubushakashatsi bwakurikiyeho bwagaragaje ko CGF ifite ubushobozi bwo kongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, gukuraho ibyuma biremereye mu mubiri w'umuntu, no kugabanya isukari mu maraso n'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko Chlorella vulgaris ifite ngaruka nyinshi nko kurwanya ikibyimba, antioxidant, no kurwanya imirasire. Gukoresha amazi ya Chlorella mu rwego rw'imiti bishobora kuba kimwe mu byerekezo by'ingenzi by'ubushakashatsi n'ikoreshwa mu nganda mu gihe kizaza.

Spirulina (Spirulina)

Spirulina ntabwo ari uburozi kandi nta kibazo ifite, kandi yakoreshejwe nk'ibiryo n'abaturage kavukire hafi y'ikiyaga cya Texcoco muri Megizike ya kera n'ikiyaga cya Chad muri Afurika. Spirulina igira ingaruka zitandukanye ku buzima bw'abantu, nko kugabanya ibinure mu mara, cholesterol, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, kurwanya kanseri, no guteza imbere ikura rya bagiteri nziza mu mara. Ifite ingaruka zimwe na zimwe ku kuvura diyabete no kunanirwa kw'impyiko.