Menene ƙananan algae?

Ƙananan algae galibi suna nufin ƙananan halittu waɗanda ke ɗauke da chlorophyll a kuma suna da ikon yin photosynthesis. Girman kowannensu ƙarami ne kuma ana iya gano yanayin halittarsu ne kawai ta hanyar na'urar hangen nesa.

Ƙananan algae suna yaɗuwa sosai a cikin ƙasa, tafkuna, tekuna, da sauran wuraren ruwa.

Akwai kimanin nau'ikan algae miliyan 1 a duk duniya, yayin da a halin yanzu akwai nau'ikan algae sama da 40,000 da aka sani.

Ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na tattalin arziki sun haɗa da Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina, da sauransu.

Me ƙwayoyin microalgae zasu iya yi?

Koto

A fannin kasuwanci na soyayyen kifi a fannin tattalin arzikin teku, an yi amfani da algae na ruwa mai siffar unicellular a matsayin abin koyi ga tsutsar kifi a matakai daban-daban na ci gaba. Zuwa yanzu, algae mai siffar unicellular na ruwa koyaushe ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi kyawun abin koyi ga tsutsar bivalve da ƙananan yara.

Tsarkakewar wuraren kiwon kamun kifi

Tare da zurfafa haɓaka samfuran kiwon kamun kifi mai zurfi a China, yawancin wuraren kiwon kamun kifi suna cikin yanayin eutrophic duk shekara, kuma furannin algae suna faruwa akai-akai. A matsayin ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan furannin algae da aka fi sani, algae masu launin shuɗi-kore sun takaita ci gaban kiwon kamun kifi sosai. Furen Cyanobacteria suna da halaye na yaɗuwa mai faɗi, ƙarfin daidaitawa, da ƙarfin haihuwa mai ƙarfi. Barkewar Cyanobacteria tana cinye isasshen iskar oxygen, wanda ke haifar da raguwar saurin bayyana ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin metabolism na algae masu launin shuɗi-kore kuma yana fitar da adadi mai yawa na guba, wanda ke shafar girma da haifuwar dabbobin ruwa.

Chlorella na cikin phylum na Chlorophyta kuma algae ne mai ƙwayoyin halitta guda ɗaya wanda ke da yaɗuwar yanayi mai faɗi. Chlorella ba wai kawai yana aiki a matsayin kyakkyawan abin koyi na halitta ga dabbobin ruwa masu tattalin arziki ba, har ma yana shan abubuwa kamar nitrogen da phosphorus a cikin ruwa, yana rage matakan eutrophication da tsarkake ingancin ruwa. A halin yanzu, bincike da yawa kan maganin ruwan sharar gida ta hanyar microalgae sun nuna cewa microalgae suna da kyakkyawan tasirin cire nitrogen da phosphorus. Duk da haka, algae shuɗi-kore, waɗanda ke haifar da babbar barazana ga kiwon kifi, samfuran phosphorus da nitrogen ne masu yawa a cikin ruwa. Saboda haka, amfani da microalgae don cire blue-kore algae yana ba da sabuwar hanyar muhalli da aminci don magance furanni blue-kore algae.

Sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa Chlorella vulgaris na iya cire sinadarai masu gina jiki kamar nitrogen da phosphorus daga ruwa yadda ya kamata. Don haka, tushen sinadarin algae mai launin shuɗi-kore ana yanke shi da farko a cikin ruwan kamun kifi, yana kiyaye su a ƙasa da matakin kuma yana hana barkewar cutar. Bugu da ƙari, yana yiwuwa a ƙara iskar shaƙa a cikin ruwan kamun kifi da kuma kiyaye sakin ƙananan algae a cikin ruwan kamun kifi, a ƙarshe ya sa ƙananan algae su zama nau'in da ya fi dacewa a cikin ruwan kamun kifi, ta haka yana hana faruwar furannin algae masu launin shuɗi-kore.

Daga mahangar muhalli da kuma ci gaban masana'antar ruwa mai kyau, amfani da gasar algae mai amfani don dakile furannin algae masu launin shuɗi-kore ita ce hanya mafi kyau ta sarrafa algae. Duk da haka, binciken da ake yi a yanzu bai cika ba tukuna. A fannin injiniyanci na aiki don sarrafa furannin algae masu launin shuɗi-kore, cikakken zaɓi na hanyoyin jiki, sinadarai, da na halitta da kuma daidaitawa da yanayin gida shine mafi kyawun zaɓi.

Kiyaye makamashi da rage fitar da hayaki

Tun bayan juyin juya halin masana'antu, mutane sun fitar da adadi mai yawa na CO2 a cikin sararin samaniya, wanda hakan ke haifar da ɗumamar yanayi. Ƙananan algae suna da ingantaccen aikin photosynthesis, suna amfani da photosynthesis don gyara carbon da samar da kwayoyin halitta, wanda ke rage tasirin greenhouse.

Kayayyakin lafiya da abinci masu amfani: allunan magani, foda, ƙari

Chlorella vulgaris

Chlorella yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci wajen warkar da cututtuka da dama da kuma alamun rashin lafiya, ciki har da ciwon ciki, rauni, maƙarƙashiya, rashin jini, da sauransu. Ruwan Chlorella vulgaris yana da siffofi bayyanannu na haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin halitta, don haka ana kiransa Chlorella Growth Factor (CGF). Nazarin da aka yi daga baya ya nuna cewa CGF yana da ikon haɓaka garkuwar jiki, kawar da ƙarfe masu nauyi a jikin ɗan adam, da kuma rage sukari da hawan jini. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, bincike ya ƙara nuna cewa Chlorella vulgaris yana da tasiri da yawa kamar hana ƙari, antioxidant, da kuma hana radiation. Amfani da ruwan Chlorella a fannin magunguna na iya zama ɗaya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin bincike da aikace-aikacen masana'antu a nan gaba.

Spirulina (Spirulina)

Spirulina ba ta da guba kuma ba ta da lahani, kuma mutanen asali kusa da Tafkin Texcoco a tsohuwar Mexico da Tafkin Chad a Afirka sun yi amfani da ita a matsayin abinci. Spirulina tana da tasiri daban-daban ga lafiyar ɗan adam, kamar rage kitse a cikin jini, cholesterol, hawan jini, maganin ciwon daji, da kuma haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani a cikin hanji. Tana da wasu tasirin warkarwa ga ciwon suga da gazawar koda.