Ma vesicles akunja kwa maselo ndi ma nano vesicles amkati omwe amatulutsidwa ndi maselo, okhala ndi mainchesi a 30-200 nm, okulungidwa mu membrane ya lipid bilayer, yokhala ndi ma nucleic acid, mapuloteni, lipids, ndi metabolites. Ma vesicles akunja kwa maselo ndi chida chachikulu cholumikizirana pakati pa maselo ndipo amatenga nawo mbali pakusinthana kwa zinthu pakati pa maselo. Ma vesicles akunja kwa maselo amatha kutulutsidwa ndi maselo osiyanasiyana pansi pa mikhalidwe yabwinobwino komanso yodwala, makamaka yochokera ku mapangidwe a tinthu ta lysosomal ta multivesicular mkati mwa maselo. Pambuyo pa kusakanikirana kwa membrane yakunja kwa maselo ndi membrane yakunja kwa maselo ambiri, amatulutsidwa mu matrix yakunja kwa maselo. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi, zotsatira zoyipa zopanda poizoni, kuthekera kwakukulu kolunjika, komanso kuthekera kodutsa chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo, imaonedwa ngati chonyamulira mankhwala. Mu 2013, Mphoto ya Nobel mu Physiology kapena Medicine idaperekedwa kwa asayansi atatu omwe adatenga nawo mbali pakuphunzira ma vesicles akunja. Kuyambira pamenepo, pakhala kafukufuku, kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso kugulitsa ma vesicles akunja kwa maselo m'masukulu ndi m'mafakitale.

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Ma vesicles ochokera ku maselo a zomera ali ndi zosakaniza zapadera, ali ndi voliyumu yaying'ono, ndipo amatha kulowa m'maselo. Ambiri mwa iwo amatha kumezedwa ndikulowetsedwa mwachindunji m'matumbo. Mwachitsanzo, ma bubble a ginseng ndi opindulitsa pakusiyanitsa maselo oyambira kukhala maselo amitsempha, pomwe ma bubble a ginger amatha kuwongolera ma microbiota am'mimba ndikuchepetsa matenda a m'matumbo. Ma virus a microalgae ndi zomera zakale kwambiri zokhala ndi maselo amodzi padziko lapansi. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 300000 ya ma virus a microalgae, omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'nyanja, m'nyanja, m'mitsinje, m'zipululu, m'mapiri, m'ma glacier ndi malo ena, okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera a madera. Pakusintha kwa Dziko Lapansi la 3 biliyoni, ma virus a microalgae nthawi zonse akhala akutha kukula ngati maselo amodzi padziko lapansi, zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kukula kwawo kodabwitsa komanso luso lawo lodzichiritsa.

Ma vesicle a microalgae extracellular ndi chinthu chatsopano chogwira ntchito m'thupi chomwe chili ndi chitetezo champhamvu komanso chokhazikika. Ma vesicle a microalgae ali ndi ubwino wa njira yosavuta komanso yowongolera yolima, mtengo wotsika, kukula mwachangu, kukolola kwakukulu kwa ma vesicle, komanso kupanga kosavuta popanga ma vesicle a extracellular. Mu kafukufuku wakale, zidapezeka kuti ma vesicle a microalgae extracellular amalowetsedwa mosavuta ndi maselo. Mu zitsanzo za nyama, zidapezeka kuti zimayamwa mwachindunji kudzera m'matumbo ndikulemera mu minofu inayake. Pambuyo polowa mu cytoplasm, zimatha kukhala kwa masiku angapo, zomwe zimathandiza kutulutsa mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma vesicles a microalgae extracellular ali ndi kuthekera kokweza mankhwala ambiri, kukonza kukhazikika kwa mamolekyulu, kutulutsa kosalekeza, kusinthasintha pakamwa, ndikuthetsa zopinga zomwe zilipo zoperekera mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, kupanga ma vesicles a microalgae extracellular kuli ndi kuthekera kwakukulu pakumasulira zachipatala ndikukula kwa mafakitale.