Cov vesicles sab nraud yog cov vesicles endogenous nano uas cov cell tso tawm, nrog lub cheeb ntawm 30-200 nm, qhwv rau hauv daim nyias nyias lipid bilayer, nqa cov nucleic acids, cov protein, lipids, thiab cov metabolites. Cov vesicles sab nraud yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov cell thiab koom nrog kev sib pauv cov tshuaj ntawm cov cell. Cov vesicles sab nraud tuaj yeem tso tawm los ntawm ntau lub cell nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ib txwm thiab pathological, feem ntau yog los ntawm kev tsim cov khoom me me multivesicular lysosomal hauv cov cell. Tom qab kev sib xyaw ntawm daim nyias nyias extracellular thiab daim nyias nyias sab nraud ntawm cov cell multivesicular, lawv raug tso tawm rau hauv cov extracellular matrix. Vim nws tsis tshua muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, muaj peev xwm tsom mus rau lub hom phiaj, thiab muaj peev xwm hla cov ntshav-lub hlwb thaiv, nws suav hais tias yog tus neeg nqa tshuaj. Xyoo 2013, qhov khoom plig Nobel hauv Physiology lossis Tshuaj tau muab rau peb tus kws tshawb fawb koom nrog kev kawm txog cov vesicles sab nraud. Txij thaum ntawd los, muaj ib nthwv dej ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kev siv, thiab kev lag luam ntawm cov vesicles sab nraud hauv kev kawm thiab kev lag luam.

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Cov vesicles sab nraud ntawm cov hlwb cog muaj ntau cov khoom xyaw tshwj xeeb, muaj qhov me me, thiab tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Feem ntau ntawm lawv tuaj yeem noj thiab nqus ncaj qha rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Piv txwv li, cov npuas ginseng muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb qia mus rau hauv cov hlwb paj hlwb, thaum cov npuas qhiav tuaj yeem tswj cov kab mob hauv plab thiab txo qhov mob plab. Microalgae yog cov nroj tsuag ib lub cell qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Muaj ze li ntawm 300000 hom microalgae, faib dav hauv dej hiav txwv, pas dej, dej ntws, suab puam, plateaus, glaciers thiab lwm qhov chaw, nrog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb hauv cheeb tsam. Thoob plaws hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm 3 billion lub ntiaj teb, microalgae yeej ib txwm muaj peev xwm vam meej ua ib lub cell hauv ntiaj teb, uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog lawv txoj kev loj hlob zoo kawg nkaus thiab kev kho tus kheej.

Cov vesicles sab nraud ntawm cov kab mob me me (microalgae extracellular vesicles) yog cov khoom siv kho mob tshiab uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov. Cov kab mob me me muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem cog qoob loo yooj yim thiab tswj tau, tus nqi qis, kev loj hlob sai, cov vesicle muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab kev tsim kho yooj yim hauv kev tsim cov vesicles sab nraud. Hauv kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los, nws tau pom tias cov vesicles sab nraud ntawm cov kab mob me me tau yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Hauv cov qauv tsiaj, nws tau pom tias lawv tau nqus ncaj qha los ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab nplua nuj rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg tshwj xeeb. Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv cytoplasm, nws tuaj yeem kav ntev li ob peb hnub, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev tso tawm tshuaj mus sij hawm ntev.

Ntxiv rau, cov microalgae extracellular vesicles muaj peev xwm thauj ntau yam tshuaj, txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj, kev tso tawm tas mus li, kev hloov pauv hauv qhov ncauj, thiab daws cov teeb meem kev xa tshuaj uas twb muaj lawm. Yog li ntawd, kev txhim kho ntawm microalgae extracellular vesicles muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo hauv kev txhais lus hauv kev kho mob thiab kev lag luam.