ʻO nā vesicles Extracellular he mau nano vesicles endogenous i hūnā ʻia e nā cell, me ke anawaena o 30-200 nm, i kāʻei ʻia i loko o kahi membrane lipid bilayer, e lawe ana i nā nucleic acid, nā protein, nā lipids, a me nā metabolites. ʻO nā vesicles Extracellular ka mea hana nui no ka kamaʻilio intercellular a komo i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā mea ma waena o nā cell. Hiki ke hūnā ʻia nā vesicles Extracellular e nā cell like ʻole ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau a me nā pathological, i loaʻa nui mai ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana lysosomal multivesicular i loko o nā cell. Ma hope o ka hui ʻana o ka membrane extracellular a me ka membrane waho o nā cell multivesicular, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou i loko o ka matrix extracellular. Ma muli o kona immunogenicity haʻahaʻa, nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻaʻohe ʻawaʻawa, ka hiki ke kuhikuhi ikaika, a me ka hiki ke hele i ka pale koko-lolo, ua manaʻo ʻia he mea lawe lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka makahiki 2013, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine i ʻekolu mau kānaka ʻepekema i komo i ke aʻo ʻana i nā vesicles waho. Mai ia manawa, ua nui ka noiʻi, ka noi, a me ke kālepa ʻana o nā vesicles extracellular ma ke kula a me ka ʻoihana.

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Waiwai nā vesicles extracellular mai nā cell mea kanu i nā mea hana kūikawā, he liʻiliʻi ka nui, a hiki ke komo i loko o nā ʻiʻo. Hiki ke ʻai ʻia ka hapa nui o lākou a komo pololei i loko o ka ʻōpū. No ka laʻana, he mea maikaʻi nā pehu ginseng no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā cell kumu i loko o nā cell nerve, ʻoiai hiki i nā pehu ginger ke hoʻoponopono i ka microbiota ʻōpū a hōʻoluʻolu i ka colitis. ʻO Microalgae nā mea kanu cell hoʻokahi kahiko loa ma ka Honua. Aia ma kahi o 300000 mau ʻano o ka microalgae, i hoʻolaha nui ʻia ma nā moana, nā loko, nā muliwai, nā wao nahele, nā plateaus, nā glaciers a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, me nā ʻano ʻāina kū hoʻokahi. Ma o ka ulu ʻana o ka Honua 3 biliona, ua hiki mau i nā microalgae ke ulu ma ke ʻano he mau cell hoʻokahi ma ka Honua, kahi e pili pono ana i ko lākou ulu kupaianaha a me nā hiki ke ho'ōla ponoʻī.

ʻO nā vesicles extracellular microalgae kahi mea hana biomedical hou me ka palekana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa. Loaʻa i nā Microalgae nā pono o ke kaʻina hana mahi maʻalahi a hiki ke hoʻokele ʻia, ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, ka ulu wikiwiki, ka hua vesicle kiʻekiʻe, a me ka ʻenekinia maʻalahi i ka hana ʻana o nā vesicles extracellular. I nā haʻawina mua, ua ʻike ʻia ua maʻalahi ke komo ʻana o nā vesicles extracellular microalgae e nā cell. I nā hiʻohiʻona holoholona, ​​​​ua ʻike ʻia ua komo pololei lākou ma o ka ʻōpū a hoʻonui ʻia i loko o nā ʻiʻo kikoʻī. Ma hope o ke komo ʻana i ka cytoplasm, hiki ke mau no kekahi mau lā, he mea maikaʻi ia no ka hoʻokuʻu mau ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

Eia kekahi, loaʻa i nā vesicles extracellular microalgae ka hiki ke hoʻouka i nā lāʻau he nui, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa molekala, hoʻokuʻu mau ʻia, hoʻololi waha, a hoʻoponopono i nā pale lawe lāʻau e kū nei. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā vesicles extracellular microalgae he hiki ke hana i ka unuhi lapaʻau a me ka ʻoihana.