Kev Tshawb Pom ntawm Microalgae Extracellular Vesicles

Cov vesicles sab nraud yog cov vesicles loj me me uas cov cell tso tawm, xws li 30–200 nm hauv txoj kab uas hla uas tau qhwv hauv daim nyias nyias lipid bilayer, uas nqa cov nucleic acids, cov protein, lipids thiab cov metabolites, thiab lwm yam. Cov vesicles sab nraud yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus intercellular, uas koom nrog kev sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov cell. Cov vesicles sab nraud tuaj yeem tso tawm los ntawm ntau yam cell hauv qab cov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj thiab pathological, uas feem ntau los ntawm cov polyvesicles tsim los ntawm cov khoom me me intracellular lysosomal thiab raug tso tawm rau hauv cov extracellular matrix tom qab kev sib xyaw ntawm cov extracellular membrane thiab cell membrane ntawm cov polyvesicles. Vim nws tsis tshua muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, muaj zog targeting, muaj peev xwm hla cov ntshav-lub hlwb barrier thiab lwm yam ntxwv, nws tau raug suav hais tias yog tus neeg nqa tshuaj. Xyoo 2013, Nobel Prize hauv Physiology thiab Medicine tau muab rau peb tus kws tshawb fawb ntsig txog kev kawm txog cov vesicles sab nraud. Txij thaum ntawd los, cov kev kawm thiab kev lag luam tau pib muaj kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho cov vesicles sab nraud, kev siv thiab kev lag luam.

Cov vesicles sab nraud ntawm cov hlwb cog muaj ntau yam khoom xyaw tshwj xeeb, me me thiab muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Feem ntau ntawm lawv tuaj yeem noj thiab nqus ncaj qha rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Piv txwv li, ginseng vesicles yog qhov zoo rau kev sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb qia mus rau hauv cov hlwb paj hlwb, thiab cov vesicles qhiav tuaj yeem tswj cov kab mob plab hnyuv thiab txo qhov mob plab hnyuv. Microalgae yog cov nroj tsuag ib leeg-celled qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Muaj ze li ntawm 300,000 hom microalgae dav dav faib hauv dej hiav txwv, pas dej, dej ntws, suab puam, plateaus, glaciers thiab lwm qhov chaw, nrog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb hauv cheeb tsam. Thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm 3 billion lub ntiaj teb, microalgae yeej ib txwm muaj peev xwm vam meej ua ib leeg cell ntawm lub ntiaj teb, uas yog inseparable los ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob zoo kawg nkaus thiab kev kho tus kheej.

Cov vesicles sab nraud ntawm cov kab mob me me (microalgal extracellular vesicles) yog cov khoom siv tshiab uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov dua. Cov algae me me muaj ntau yam zoo hauv kev tsim cov vesicles sab nraud, xws li cov txheej txheem kab lis kev cai yooj yim, tswj tau, pheej yig, loj hlob sai, tso zis ntau ntawm cov vesicles thiab yooj yim rau kev tsim kho. Hauv kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los, cov vesicles sab nraud ntawm cov kab mob me me (microalgal extracellular vesicles) tau pom tias yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb. Hauv cov qauv tsiaj, lawv tau pom tias raug nqus ncaj qha los ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab nplua nuj hauv cov ntaub so ntswg tshwj xeeb. Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv cytoplasm, nws tuaj yeem kav ntev li ob peb hnub, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev tso tawm tshuaj mus sij hawm ntev.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov microalgae extracellular vesicles yuav tsum tau thauj ntau yam tshuaj, uas txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm cov molecules, tso tawm qeeb, hloov kho qhov ncauj, thiab lwm yam, daws cov teeb meem kev tswj hwm tshuaj uas twb muaj lawm. Yog li ntawd, kev txhim kho ntawm microalgae extracellular vesicles muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo hauv kev hloov pauv hauv kev kho mob thiab kev lag luam.